| Chinese Text Project |
| 惰 U+60F0 |  Seal script | 𢞑 Semantic variant | 𢢠 Semantic variant |
| Radical: | 心+ 9 strokes = 12 strokes total. |
|---|---|
| References: | Guangyun: p.306#20 p.421#2 Kangxi: p.392#21 Cihai: p.536r2c06 GSR: 11.l Hanyu: v4,p2326#11 |
| Composition: | Component of: 墯 |
| Mandarin: | duò ㄉㄨㄛˋ |
| Cantonese: | do6 |
| Guangyun: | 《廣韻·上聲·果·墮》憜：嬾憜也。《說文》曰：不敬也。 《廣韻·上聲·果·墮》惰：上同。 《廣韻·去聲·過·惰》惰：惰懈也。徒臥切，四。 |
| Kangxi: | 《康熙字典·心部·九》惰：〔古文〕𢢠𢞑《唐韻》徒果切《集韻》《韻會》杜果切，𠀤音垜。《說文》不敬也。本作憜，从心隋聲。或作惰。《玉篇》怠也，易也。《禮·曲禮》臨祭不惰。《註》爲無神也。《左傳·成十三年》今成子惰。《註》惰則失中和之氣。又《正韻》吐火切，音妥。義同。又《廣韻》《集韻》《韻會》徒臥切《正韻》杜臥切，𠀤音䝐。懈也，怠也。《增韻》不恭也。《書·益稷》股肱惰哉。《註》懈怠緩，慢也。《左傳·僖十一年》受玉惰。《正義》執玉𤰞，替其質也。《禮·玉藻》惰游之士。《註》惰游，罷民也。𠀤去聲。又通作媠。《前漢·谷永傳》車馬媠游之具。《兩龔傳》媠嫚無狀。亦作憜。《韋元成詩戒》供事靡憜。亦作墯。《後漢·單超傳》徐臥虎唐兩墯。《註》持兩端也。又《集韻》徒禾切，音駝。《禮·曲禮》言不惰。《註》惰，訛不正之言。一讀徒禾反，一讀徒臥反。◎按徒字杜字皆定母，而吐字則入透母矣。《正韻》惰字上聲切透母，而去聲又切定母，不如《廣韻》《集韻》《韻會》上去兩聲之協於一也。 |
| Fanqie: | 徒果 (《廣韻·上聲·果·墮》) 徒臥 (《廣韻·去聲·過·惰》) |
| Unihan definition: | indolent, careless, lazy, idle |
Example usage
| 《論語·子罕》: | 子曰：「語之而不惰者，其回也與！」 |
| The Master said, "Never flagging when I set forth anything to him - ah! that is Hui." | |
| 《孟子·離婁下》: | 孟子曰：「世俗所謂不孝者五：惰其四支，不顧父母之養，一不孝也。」 |
| Mencius replied, 'There are five things which are pronounced in the common usage of the age to be unfilial. The first is laziness in the use of one's four limbs, without attending to the nourishment of his parents.' | |
| 《禮記·曲禮上》: | 父母有疾，冠者不櫛，行不翔，言不惰，琴瑟不御，食肉不至變味，飲酒不至變貌，笑不至矧，怒不至詈。 |
| 'When his father or mother is ill, (a young man) who has been capped should not use his comb, nor walk with his elbows stuck out, nor speak on idle topics, nor take his lute or cithern in hand. He should not eat of (different) meats till his taste is changed, nor drink till his looks are changed'. He should not laugh so as to show his teeth, nor be angry till he breaks forth in reviling. | |
| 《墨子·修身》: | 本不固者末必幾，雄而不脩者，其後必惰，原濁者流不清，行不信者名必秏1。 |
| Just as a weak trunk will have but small branches, so, mere bravery without cultivation will result in dissipation. And just as a dirty source will issue in an impure stream, so unfaithful conduct will unfavourably affect one's fame. | |
| 《商君書·墾令》: | 則以其食口之數，賦而重使之，則辟淫游惰之民無所於食。 |
| But if they are assessed according to the calculated number of persons who live on others and are made to work hard, then the wicked and licentious, idle and lazy will have nothing on which to live. | |
| 《史記·夏本紀》: | （舜）又歌曰：「元首叢脞哉，股肱惰哉，萬事墮哉！」 |
| Shun again sang as follows, 'When the head is vexatious, the members are idle, and all business is ruined.' | |
| 《尚書·益稷》: | 又歌曰：「元首叢脞哉，股肱惰哉，萬事墮哉！」 |
| Again he continued the song, 'When the head is vexatious, The members are idle; And all affairs will go to ruin!' | |
| 《荀子·禮論》: | 其立聲樂、恬愉也，不至於流淫、惰慢。 |
| 《說苑·脩文》: | 君子思禮以脩身，則怠惰慢易之節不至。 |
| 《韓詩外傳·卷八》: | 官怠於有成，病加於小愈，禍生於懈惰，孝衰於妻子，察此四者、慎終如始。 |
| 《新書·大政上》: | 故古之立刑也，以禁不肖，以起怠惰之民也。 |
| 《新序·刺奢》: | 夫百姓飽牛而耕，暴背而耘，勤而不惰者，豈為鳥獸哉？ |
| 《中論·民數》: | 九職既分，則劬勞者可見，怠惰者可聞也。 |
| 《孔子家語·入官》: | 怠惰者，時之所以後也。 |
| 《潛夫論·考績》: | 設如家人有五子十孫，父母不察精懦，則懃力者懈弛，而惰慢者遂非也，耗業家之道也。 |
| 《論衡·禍虛》: | 惰窳之人，不力農勉商，以積穀貨，遭歲饑饉，腹餓不飽，椎人若畜，割而食之，無君子小人，並為魚肉，人所不能知，吏所不能覺，千人以上，萬人以下，計一聚之中，生者百一，死者十九，可謂無道，至痛甚矣，皆得陽達，富厚安樂。 |
| 《孔叢子·詰墨》: | 臣聞孔子聖人，然猶居處勌惰，廉隅不脩，則原憲、季羔侍。 |
| 《蔡中郎集·胡公碑》: | 其誘人也，恂恂焉，怡怡焉，使夫蒙惑開析，愎戾優順逸惰，能夫勤信。 |
| 《鶡冠子·道端》: | 故先王傳道以相效屬也，賢君循成法，後世久長，惰君不從，當世滅亡。 |
| 《文子·道德》: | 縱欲怠惰，其亡無時。 |
| 《韓非子》: | 禮之則惰修耕戰之功，不禮則周主上之法。 |
| 《管子·輕重戊》: | 歸市者亦惰倪，終日不歸。 |
| 《孫子兵法·軍爭》: | 是故朝氣銳，晝氣惰，暮氣歸。 |
| 《尉繚子·治本》: | 古者土無肥瘠，人無勤惰，古人何得，今人何失耶？ |
| 《淮南子·時則訓》: | 行春令，則暖風來至，民氣解惰，師旅並興。 |
| 《尹文子·大道下》: | 禮者，所以行恭謹，亦所以生惰慢。 |
| 《春秋左傳》: | 天王使召武公，內史過，賜晉侯命，受玉惰，過歸告王曰，晉侯其無後乎，王賜之命，而惰於受瑞，先自棄也已，其何繼之有，禮，國之幹也，敬，禮之輿也，不敬則禮不行，禮不行則上下昏，何以長世。 |
| 《國語·晉語四》: | 子余曰：「君稱所以佐天子匡王國者以命重耳，重耳敢有惰心，敢不從德。」 |
| 《晏子春秋》: | 以賞譽自勸者，惰乎為善。 |
| 《戰國策》: | 朝賢，則耕者惰而戰士懦。 |
| 《鹽鐵論·未通》: | 今賴陛下神靈，甲兵不動久矣，然則民不齊出於南畝，以口率被墾田而不足，空倉廩而賑貧乏，侵益日甚，是以愈惰而仰利縣官也。 |
| 《列女傳·齊女傅母》: | 始往，操行衰惰，有冶容之行，淫泆之心。 |
| 《漢書·外戚傳上》: | 妾不敢以燕惰見帝。 |
| 《前漢紀》: | 而漢以怠惰之卒應之。 |
| 《東觀漢記·吳良》: | 望曰：「議曹惰寙，自無蔥，寧足為不家給人足邪？」 |
| 《後漢書》: | 豈悟君子，自生怠倦，失恂恂善誘之德，同亡國驕惰之志！ |
| 《楚辭·哀時命》: | 欿愁悴而委惰兮，老冉冉而逮之。 |
| 《儀禮·士虞禮》: | 不惰其身，不寧。 |
| 《焦氏易林·大過之》: | 故革懈惰，頹輪獨坐。 |
| 《說文解字·衣部》: | 从衣，惰省聲。 |
| 《黃帝內經》: | 天寒則裂地凌冰，其卒寒，或手足懈惰，然而其面不衣，何也？ |
You can examine all occurrences of this character or phrase in Pre-Qin and Han texts or Post-Han texts on the site.
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